Housing Statutes (Residential Development) Amendment Act, 2023
Bill 44, the Housing Statutes (Residential Development) Amendment Act, 2023, was tabled on November 1 as part of the province's Homes for Action Plan announced in spring. The Bill proposes amendments to the Local Government Act and Vancouver Charter intended to create more small-scale, multi-unit housing and speed up zoning processes. Amendments include:

• in all communities, requiring local government bylaws to allow at least one secondary suite or dwelling unit in a single detached zone
• in communities with more than 5,000 people, requiring bylaws to allow at least three, four, or six units in those zones, depending on the size of the lot and the proximity to transit stops
• changes to the requirements for local government housing needs reports to make them more consistent across communities, and requiring local governments to consider housing needs in official community plans and zoning bylaws
• in communities other than Vancouver, changes to public hearing requirements that require engagement for development of official community plans, rather than for zoning hearings for projects that fit with the community plan

If passed, the amendments are expected come into force over the next couple years. A timeline of expected changes and availability of policy manuals, instructions, and funding, is provided in the government news release.

Province Introduces Short-Term Rental Legislation
On Monday, October 16, the Honourable Ravi Kahlon, Minister of Housing, introduced the Short-Term Rental Accommodations Act, aimed at regulating short-term rental accommodations (STRAs) and curbing their impact on the province’s housing supply. The Act and proposed regulations envision overlapping jurisdiction between the Province and local governments, strengthening local regulation of STRAs, while placing the Province primarily in the role of information coordinator. The Province assumes that municipalities and regional districts are and will be taking an active role in regulating STRAs in their communities under their zoning and business licensing powers. Many municipalities have already taken steps to regulate STRAs, but they will still benefit from additional compliance enforcement tools and information sharing. Regional districts will acquire business licensing powers to regulate STRAs outside municipal boundaries and enable intermunicipal licensing arrangements with municipalities. Read the full article by Bill Buholzer and Aidan Andrews with Young Anderson Barristers & Solicitors.

Police Act Changes in Force
On October 26, changes made to the Police Act by Bill 36, Police Amendment Act, 2023, came into force. The changes clarify the process a municipality must follow when changing their Police of Jurisdiction, in particular:

• a municipality has a legal obligation to complete a policing transition once a transition plan is approved by the minister;
• the director of police services has the authority to oversee and give binding direction to parties to ensure that a minister-approved police change is implemented;
• municipalities, police agencies and other entities must provide any information to the minister to assess a transition plan; and
• when a municipality is unable to produce a transition plan that meets approval by the minister or fails to implement a minister-approved transition plan, the minister may make orders requiring a municipality to provide policing and law enforcement by the means specified in the order

The Bill also sets out transitional provisions specifying that the City of Surrey must provide policing services through a municipal police department, giving the minister the authority to cancel the existing agreement between the Province and the City of Surrey for the RCMP’s services and providing government the ability to appoint an administrator to assume the functions of the Surrey Police Board to manage the Surrey Police Service.

Restricting Public Consumption of Illegal
Substances Act Introduced
Bill 34, Restricting Public Consumption of Illegal Substances Act, sets out tighter rules around the use of illegal substances in public places, which are consistent with the province’s public tobacco, cannabis and alcohol use rules. Possession of small amounts of many illicit drugs was decriminalized in BC in January 2023 after the federal government issued an exemption to the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act (Canada).  The new legislation will provide tools for police officers to direct a person using illegal drugs in a public place to move to an appropriate area, such as an overdose prevention or supervised consumption site. If the person refuses to comply, the police officer may choose to proceed with enforcement measures and is authorized to seize and destroy the drugs.  If passed, the legislation will ban the use of illegal drugs in the following areas:

• a six-metre radius from building entrances, including businesses and residential buildings;
• within six metres of a bus stop;
• within 15 metres of playgrounds, spray and wading pools, and skate parks; and
• at parks, beaches and sports fields.

The Bill also proposes to provide clarity to local governments regarding the process for consulting with their medical health officer and the regional health authority before considering any additional bylaws regarding public consumption of illegal drugs.

Feedback Sought on Emergency Management Regulations
The new Emergency and Disaster Management Act includes many new and enhanced responsibilities for local governments, with further details to be outlined in associated regulations. As part of its work to develop a new local authority regulation, the Ministry of Emergency Management and Climate Readiness has released a discussion paper and series of questions for stakeholders to consider. Feedback is due by December 31, 2023. Amending the current local authority regulation will help create alignment with modernized legislation. The Province’s discussion paper examines a number of new and enhanced local government responsibilities included in the new Act that could be further detailed through regulation, including: Read the full UBCM article.

BNew Pension Benefits Standards 
Amendments Introduced
On October 4^th, the BC government introduced Bill 33, Pension Benefits Standards Amendment Act, 2023, which proposes to amend the Pension Benefits Standards Act, the Pooled Registered Pension Plans Act and the Family Law Act to set minimum standards for workplace pension plans in BC. According to the government, the proposed changes are intended to make several technical corrections and clarifications that will:

• address low member contribution rates
• improve the financial situation for surviving spouses when members die before retirement
• lower administrative costs of offering, administering and transferring benefits

If passed, the new legislation will allow employers to offer variable life benefit plans to those employees with defined contribution plans. The new legislation is in line with recent federal changes.

Canadian Securities Administrators Propose Amendments to Shelf
Prospectus Regime for Well-known Seasoned Issuers
On September 21, 2023, the Canadian Securities Administrators (“CSA”) published a notice and request for comment regarding proposed amendments to National Instrument 44-102 – Shelf Distributions as well as certain other consequential amendments (the “Proposed Amendments”). If adopted, the Proposed Amendments would reduce the regulatory burden for well-known seasoned issuers (“WKSIs”) through a permanent expedited base shelf prospectus regime for WKSIs. The Proposed Amendments follow on from the WKSI pilot program launched on January 4, 2022 through local blanket orders in all of the provinces and territories of Canada providing for temporary exemptions from certain base shelf prospectus requirements (the “Pilot Program”). The notice and request for comment has been published for a 90-day comment period which is set to expire on December 20, 2023. We anticipate that the permanent WKSI framework could come into force in mid-2024, at the earliest. In the interim period, the Pilot Program will remain in effect until the final amendments are adopted. Read the full article by Patick Boucher, Andrew Parker, Michael J. Eldridge, Wendi A. Locke and Sonia J. Struthers with McCarthy Tétrault LLP.

Broer v. Multiguide GmbH – Is the Subsequent Conduct
of the Parties More Relevant Than You Think in the
Context of Shareholder Loans and Disputes?
It has long been established that where the circumstances in which funds are advanced by a shareholder to the company in which they own shares is unclear, the court must consider the "surrounding circumstances" when determining how to characterize the advance. Historically, "surrounding circumstances" were understood to be the circumstances extant at the time the transaction was effected: (e.g., Ghassemvand v. Premium Weatherstripping Inc., 2017 BCCA 309 [Ghassemvand]). Recently, in Broer v. Multiguide GmbH, the British Columbia Court of Appeal (BCCA) affirmed a decision of the Supreme Court of British Columbia (BCSC), where in the absence of a written agreement, and where the parties' own understanding was ambiguous, the trial judge looked to shareholders' conduct several years after an advance was made to determine whether to characterize funds as a shareholder's loan or capital contribution. This appears to be a relaxation of the principle that the "surrounding circumstances" ought to be temporally limited to those circumstances surrounding the formation of a contract (e.g., Wade v. Duck, 2018 BCCA 176 [Wade] and Sattva Capital Corp. v. Creston Moly Corp., 2014 SCC 53). Read the full article by David E. Gruber, Partner, Geordie Macdonald, Associate and Jackson Spencer, Associate with Bennett Jones LLp.

Tax Base Erosion: Canada Responds with
Draft EIFEL Rules Legislation
On August 4, 2023, the Department of Finance released an updated version of the draft legislation that will incorporate the excessive interest and financing expense limitation rules (“EIFEL Rules”) into the Income Tax Act (Canada) (“Tax Act”). Although they have not yet been passed into law, once implemented, the EIFEL Rules will have retrospective effect – applying to taxation years beginning on or after October 1, 2023.[1] Because the EIFEL Rules have not yet been enacted, it is possible that there could be further amendments to them – although our expectation is that they are now in their near final form. Read the full article by Jonathan W. Willson with Stikeman Elliott.

Department of Finance Canada Launches
Financial Sector Legislative Review
The Department of Finance Canada (“Finance Canada”) has launched financial sector legislative review consultations with respect to the federally regulated financial institutions (“FRFIs”) statutes, including the Bank Act, the Insurance Companies Act, and the Trust and Loan Companies Act (“FRFI Statutes”). The consultations are being done in anticipation of the forthcoming sunset date for the FRFI Statutes, which was set as June 30, 2025 pursuant to the 2022 federal budget. The deadline for submissions to the consultation is December 4, 2023.
The purpose of the consultations is for Finance Canada to obtain industry feedback on how FRFI legislation and policies should adapt to various factors such as access to financial services, technological trends, national security, fair competition, geopolitical trends and the safety and integrity of the Canadian financial system. Read the full article by Ana Badour, Daanish Pasricha and Aya Fahmi with McCarthy Tétrault LLP.

Updates to BC Sales Taxes
The following updates to sales taxes were recently posted:

Provincial sales tax (PST)

• October 11, 2023
  Bulletin PST 200, Exemptions and Documentation Requirements (PDF) is now web content. You can find the new webpage at PST exemptions and documentation requirements. This page has also been updated to:
  • Add exemption information for automated external defibrillators (AEDs), parts and services for AEDs, including AED pads, and kits containing AEDs, effective March 1, 2023
• October 18, 2023
  Bulletin PST 108, Boats, has been revised to clarify that:
  • If you are a B.C. resident and you have a person who is not a B.C. resident bring, send or receive a boat in B.C. for your use or for another person’s use at your expense, you must pay PST on the boat
  • If you initially purchased a boat for resale but you then use the boat, PST applies to the purchase price of the boat, not the depreciated price
  • For boats brought or sent into B.C. solely for the purpose of receiving related services, PST does not apply to parts installed during the related services if the seller then delivers the boat to the owner outside B.C.
• October 24, 2023
  The Small business guide to PST has been updated to:
  • Clarify that affixed machinery already affixed to or installed in a building, structure or land is a taxable good
  • Add automated external defibrillators (AEDs), AED pads and kits containing AEDs to the list of exempt goods
  • Add information on the Major Events Municipal and Regional District Tax (Major Events MRDT) that applies to short-term accommodation provided within the City of Vancouver, effective February 1, 2023, until January 31, 2030, at the rate of 2.5%
  • Add heated tobacco products to list of taxable goods
  • Minor revisions
• October 27, 2023
  You can review the following consultations and provide your feedback:
  • Provincial sales tax (PST) application for partnerships consultation
  • Additional Major Events Municipal and Regional District Tax (MRDT) consultation
  The deadline to provide feedback is December 29, 2023.
• November 2, 2023
  FIN 418, Application for Registration for Provincial Sales Tax (PST), has been revised to clarify:
  • Information for online marketplace facilitators
  • Required documentation for liquor or cannabis sellers
  • Motor vehicle dealers who are located outside B.C. do not need a motor dealer number to register for PST
  Bulletin PST 116, Motor Vehicle Dealers and Leasing Companies, has been revised to clarify:
  • Motor vehicle dealers who are located outside B.C. do not need a motor dealer number to register for PST
  • Information on used zero-emission vehicles

For more information, visit the BC government website.

BC Securities – Policies & Instruments

The following policies and instruments were recently published on the BCSC website:

• 21-333 – CSA Staff Notice – Crypto Asset Trading Platforms: Terms and Conditions for Trading Value-Referenced Crypto Assets with Clients
• 31-364 – CSA Staff Notice – OBSI Joint Regulators Committee Annual Report for 2022
• 81-102 – CSA Notice and Request for Comment Proposed Amendments to National Instrument 81-102 Investment Funds
• 23-331 – CSA/CIRO Staff Notice 23-331 Request for Feedback on December 2022 SEC Market Structure Proposals and Potential Impact on Canadian Capital Markets

For more information, visit the BC Securities website.

New Bill to Amend the Forest Act, Forest and
Range Practices Act, and Wildfire Act
Bill 41, the Forests Statutes Amendment Act, 2023, was introduced on October 30. It proposes amendments to the Forest Act, Forest and Range Practices Act, and Wildfire Act to enact some the policy changes in the June 2021 Modernizing Forest Policy intentions paper.

The Forest Act amendments would prohibit timber harvesting under certain licences or agreements without a cutting permit and expand the circumstances where the minister could refuse to issue, replace, or amend road and cutting permits.

The Forest and Range Practices Act amendments include changes to compliance and enforcement provisions, such as cost recovery for remedying a contravention and penalties for harm to environmental, cultural, recreational or resource values.

The Wildfire Act amendments would authorize the government to assist First Nations and other partners with cultural and prescribed fires when requested, in order to reduce the risk of wildfires.

Environmental Impact Legislation Ruled
Largely Unconstitutional
On October 13, the Supreme Court released their decision on the constitutionality of the federal Impact Assessment Act. The Act, which was enacted in 2019, allows federal regulators to consider the possible environmental impacts of various projects set out in the Physical Activities Regulations, such as mine, hydroelectric, or oil and gas projects, or other projects that the Minister of Environment and Climate Change Canada designates.

A majority found that sections 81 to 91, which deal with projects carried out by or financed by federal authorities on federal land, were constitutionally valid, but the remainder, which subjects designated projects to federal review automatically, were outside of federal legislative authority and unconstitutional. It is expected that Parliament will consider amendments to the Impact Assessment Act to address the SCC's decision. For more information, see the article Supreme Court of Canada finds the federal Impact Assessment Act unconstitutional from Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt LLP.

The IAA Went Too Far
The Supreme Court of Canada has ruled that the federal Impact Assessment Act is "largely" unconstitutional, delivering a blow to Ottawa's efforts to assess the environmental and social impacts of federally financed resource and infrastructure projects. But the decision also reaffirmed that the federal government can weigh in on a provincial project if its impact is on a matter within federal jurisdiction.

For the 5-2 majority, Chief Justice Richard Wagner wrote that Parliament had overstepped its "constitutional competence" for two reasons.

"First, it is not in pith and substance directed at regulating 'effects within federal jurisdiction' as defined in the IAA because these effects do not drive the scheme's decision-making functions," the court ruled. "Second, I do not accept Canada's contention that the defined term 'effects within federal jurisdiction' aligns with federal legislative jurisdiction. The overbreadth of these effects exacerbates the constitutional frailties of the scheme's decision-making functions."

Still, the constitutionality of sections 81 to 91 of the IAA, regarding the federal government's right to conduct impact assessments on projects carried out on federal land and impact federal jurisdictions, is upheld. Read the full article by Dale Smith in the CBA National.

Indigenous Protected and Conserved Areas (IPCAS): Transformative
Opportunities in Bridging Conservation and Reconciliation
Canada's vast landscapes, steeped in deep and rich histories, face a pivotal juncture. Driven by Canada's ambition to achieve its "30 by 30" [EN.1] conservation goal, lies a transformative force: Indigenous Protected and Conserved Areas (IPCAs). More than just a designation, IPCAs are emerging as a potent catalyst for change. A force for challenging traditional conservation narratives. Here, we unearth how IPCAs are fusing Indigenous knowledge with governance, challenging conservation narratives and presenting a new bridge to ecological sustainability and reconciliation. Read the full article by Nick Leeson and Jacqueline Ohayon with Woodward & Company LLP.

Assembly of First Nations Climate Strategy
Seeks Collaboration Between Governments
The Assembly of First Nations launched its new national climate strategy in Ottawa on Wednesday [October 18], calling on federal, provincial, and territorial governments to work with First Nations to implement their climate priorities.

Interim National Chief Joanna Bernard said this year's record-breaking wildfire season is a reason why all leaders should be taking climate change seriously, especially in First Nations communities.

More than 150,000 square kilometres of land were burned, affecting both First Nations and non-First Nations communities alike. Read the BIV article.

Province Working with Tla'amin to Reclaim
Powell River Pulp Mill Site
The B.C. government has agreed to work with the Tla'amin First Nation to try to recover a former village site in Powell River, long since occupied by a pulp mill.

The Tla'amin have already signed a treaty, which is in the implementation stage. The possibility of returning the land occupied by a pulp mill didn't even become an option until Paper Excellence announced it was shutting down the mill in 2021.

The pulp mill site is on an historic Tla'amin village site – which they call tiskwat and which they would like to get back. The Tla'amin were relocated from the village site 145 years ago.

Today, the B.C. government announced it has signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with the Tla'amin to try to restore the site to the First Nation. Read the BIV article.

Province Launches Made-In-B.C. Conservation Tool,
Takes Further Action on Old-Growth Forest
The Province is accelerating protection of B.C.'s oldest and rarest trees while benefiting communities and wildlife by launching a new $300-million Conservation Financing Mechanism – $150 million from the Province, matched by a commitment to raise an additional $150 million from the BC Parks Foundation.

"Conserving nature is one of the most important things we can do to protect against the worst effects of climate change while creating a healthier future for everyone," said Premier David Eby. "That's why we're working with the BC Parks Foundation and First Nations to launch a new tool that will protect old-growth forests and conserve critical habitat across the province for generations to come."

Conservation financing will ensure that First Nations and the Province can conserve critical habitat, better manage for climate change, and further government's action on protecting more of B.C.'s lands and waters and implementing the Old Growth Strategic Review. Read the government news release.

COFI Statement on New B.C. Conservation Financing Mechanism,
Moving Forward on Landscape Planning and Old-Growth
BC Council of Forest Industries (COFI) President and CEO Linda Coady released the following statement in response to the announcement today by the B.C. Government on the new B.C. conservation financing tool and moving forward on landscape level planning and old-growth:

"The B.C. conservation financing mechanism announced today represents a new and innovative B.C.-based approach to maintaining critical ecosystems and other areas of high biodiversity values in the province.

COFI and our member companies look forward to the five new regional landscape planning processes also announced today which will enable government, First Nations, local communities, industry, and other organizations to work together to achieve new long-term approaches to sustainable forest management and conservation." Read the full article.

Environmental Appeal Board Decisions
The following Environmental Appeal Board decisions were made recently:

Water Sustainability Act

• 1174022 BC Ltd. v. Water Manager [Appeal Dismissed]
• 639606 BC Ltd. v. Assistant Water Manager [Appeal Dismissed]

Visit the Environmental Appeal Board website for more information.

Forest Appeals Commission Decisions
The following Forest Appeals Commission decision was made recently:

Wildfire Act

• TER Contracting Company Ltd. v. Government of British Columbia [Appeal Dismissed]

Visit the Forest Appeals Commission website for more information.

BC Supreme Court Dismisses Negligence Claim against 
Surgeon Despite Proposed Amendment
The BC Supreme Court has dismissed a negligence claim against a surgeon despite the plaintiff's proposed amendment to the statement of claim. In Woldemariam v. Providence Health Care (St. Paul's Hospital), 2023 BCSC 1783, Elias Woldemariam went to the Mount Saint Joseph Hospital seeking treatment for his right foot, which was swollen and had blisters and ulcers. He eventually underwent a surgical operation at St. Paul's Hospital in Vancouver, leading to the amputation of his right leg below the knee. Read the full article by Angelica Dino on Canadian Lawyer.

'Unbearable Severe Pain': Victoria Woman Opts for
Private Hip Surgery in Alberta Rather Than Wait
A provincial leader in ending gender-based violence returned home to Victoria on Friday [October 10th] from Calgary, where she had hip surgery at a private clinic after giving up on the idea of waiting for the surgery in BC. After hearing that some patients were waiting one to two years for hip replacements, Tracy Porteous, 64, said she and partner Becki Ross “saw the writing on the wall.” “So we attached $28,000 to our mortgage,” said Porteous. She said she was unable to walk for months and on prescription opioids for “unbearable, severe pain.” “It was really motivated by pain.” Read the Times Colonist article.

New Office of the Superintendent of Health Profession and
Occupation Oversight – Health Professions and Occupations Act
Effective October 23, 2023, B.C. Reg. 221/2023 brought into force some sections of the Health Professions and Occupations Act to establish the Office of the Superintendent of Health Profession and Occupation Oversight, consisting of the superintendent, the discipline tribunal and employees, which will provide centralized oversight of health profession regulatory colleges. The Superintendent's Office will set performance standards and provide guidance as to regulatory best practices, as well as create a discipline tribunal for each complaint leading to a disciplinary hearing. The discipline tribunal, comprising the director of discipline and a discipline panel, will process investigatory and disciplinary matters independently of regulatory colleges and licensees, which will be open to the public.

BC Can Move Ahead with Class Action to Recoup Opioid-related         
Damages from Consultancy McKinsey
The government of British Columbia can continue its quest to recover opioid-related healthcare costs and damages from a US-based consultant.The Supreme Court of British Columbia dismissed an application by McKinsey & Company Inc., United States and McKinsey & Company Canada to strike initiating pleadings in a class action launched by the province. In the process, the court rejected every argument the company made that there is no meaningful connection between itself and the opioid crisis in Canada. Originally, BC initiated proceedings against companies which manufactured, marketed, distributed or sold opioid drugs and products. Certification of that action is expected to happen before the end of the year. Read the full article by Carolyn Gruske on Canadian Lawyer.

82% of Care Aides in BC Experienced 
Violence or Aggression at Work
A recent survey conducted by the Hospital Employees’ Union (HEU) in British Columbia has shed light on the distressing reality of violence and harassment endured by care aides, raising significant concerns about their workplace safety. The HEU, representing over 60,000 healthcare workers in the province, undertook a phone survey between September 18 and 29, engaging with 807 care aides working diligently in various healthcare settings, including long-term care facilities. Read the article by Shane Mercer with Canadian Occupational Safety.

Guidelines for Salary/Wage Information in Job Postings: BC's
New Pay Transparency Act [November 1st]
Section 2 of the Pay Transparency Act, which requires employers to provide expected salary or wage information in publicly advertised job opportunities, comes into effect on November 1, 2023. The government of British Columbia has recently provided additional guidance regarding the requirements.

This new guidance provides examples of public postings that meet the requirement of Section 2(a) of the Act to specify either (i) the expected salary or wage for the job, or (ii) the expected salary or wage range for the job, subject to any prescribed limitations on the use of a range for this purpose.

Examples of acceptable expected salaries or wages for the job are specific hourly or annual wages such as "$20 an hour" or "$40,000 per year". With respect to salary or wage ranges, acceptable examples include "$20-$30 per hour" or "$40,000 – $60,000 per year". Unspecified minimum or maximum amounts do not meet the requirement for salary or wage ranges, i.e., ranges such as "$20 per hour and up" or "up to $30 per hour" are considered non-compliant with Section 2. Read the full article by Natasha Jategaonkar and Roza Milani with Mathews Dinsdale & Clark LLP.

What to Include in a Pay Transparency Report: Government
of BC Releases New Regulation Under the
Pay Transparency Act [Now on Quickscribe]
The recent Pay Transparency Regulation, B.C. Reg. 225/2023 (the "Regulation") sets out the information employers must include in their pay transparency reports (the "Reports"), the order of required information, and employers' options with respect to the reporting period.

The Regulation also provides the gender categories that apply to the reporting requirements, directions with respect to grouping gender categories into "reference categories", and the method of calculating the gender pay gaps.

As a reminder, the BC government and six largest Crown corporations will be required to produce their first annual pay transparency reports by November 1, 2023. For all other employers, the reporting deadline will be November 1, 2024, or later, depending on the number of employees (please see here for more information). Read the full article by Natasha Jategaonkar, Roza Milani and A. Ryan Anderson with Mathews Dinsdale & Clark LLP.

International Credentials Recognition Act Introduced
On October 23, Bill 38, the International Credentials Recognition Act, was introduced. The new Act is intended to expedite the credential recognition process for internationally trained professionals in 29 professions, such as engineers, social workers, early childhood educators, paramedics, teachers and biologists. The legislation will establish an office of the superintendent of international credential recognition who will be responsible for promoting fair credential recognition, monitoring regulatory performance and enforcing compliance with the new legislation.

Improvements to the credential recognition process for qualified professionals will include:

• an appropriate evaluation of international work experience and the elimination of the requirement for Canadian work experience prior to being accredited;
• removal of redundant language testing;
• limits on maximum processing times; and
• online availability of credential-assessment information.

If passed, the new Act will come into force in summer 2024.

Federal Accessibility Legislation Takes Shape with
Publication on Draft Employment Standard
Accessibility Standards Canada, the governmental department created under the federal Accessible Canada Act ("ACA"), has published the first edition of a standard on accessible employment, "CAN-ASC 1.1 Standard on employment" (the "Draft Employment Standard") for public review and feedback.

The Draft Employment Standard is intended to develop a documented and systematic approach to developing, implementing, and maintaining accessible and inclusive workplaces in accordance with the ACA. Once finalized, the Standard will be submitted to the federal Minister of Diversity, Inclusion and Persons with Disabilities. While initially compliance would be voluntary, if adopted by regulation by the Minister, the Draft Employment Standard would become binding on all federally-regulated employers. Read the full article by Megan Beal and Andrew J. Gould with Fasken Martineau DuMoulin LLP.

Federal Court of Appeal Upholds Disability Benefits
Despite 'Substantially Gainful' Earnings
The Federal Court of Appeal has upheld a claimant's entitlement to disability benefits, finding that his disability remains severe despite having "substantially gainful" earnings.

In Canada (Attorney General) v. Ibrahim, 2023 FCA 204, Sabet Ibrahim stopped working as a pharmacist due to chronic back pain caused by a car accident. He had been receiving a Canada Pension Plan (CPP) disability benefit as his disability was "severe," rendering him "incapable of regularly pursuing any substantially gainful occupation." Read the full article by Angelica Dino in the Canadian Lawyer.

Determining The Province of Employment for
Employees in Remote Work Arrangements
The Canada Revenue Agency ("CRA") is introducing a new administrative policy (the "Policy") relevant to remote workers to be effective on January 1, 2024. The policy will provide more certainty with respect to the province of employment of employees that are in a remote work arrangement in another province and are "attached" to an establishment of the employer.

An individual is subject to provincial income tax based on the individual's province of residence. The province (or territory) of residence is generally where the individual lived or is factually resident on December 31 of the relevant year. However, employee payroll withholdings are based on the individual's province of employment. An employee that does not have the same province of employment and province of residence could be, depending on the relevant provinces, subject to more or less payroll tax withholdings. If too little tax is being withheld, then the employee should consider asking the employer to withhold more tax consistent with the tax rates and credits applicable to their province of residence. If too much tax is being withheld, the employee should consider seeking a letter of authority from the CRA authorizing the employer to reduce taxes due to the fact they will be paying less tax than is being withheld based on their province of residence. Read the full article by Sabrina Jackson-Nazareth and Kevin H. Yip with Fasken Martineau DuMoulin LLP.

SCC Hears Important Appeal on Workplace
Privacy and Charter Application
On October 18, 2023, the Supreme Court of Canada (SCC) heard arguments in York Region District School Board v. Elementary Teachers' Federation of Ontario. This appeal raises the important question of whether the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (Charter), and specifically, the right to be free from unreasonable search and seizure, applies to school boards. The Court's decision could also provide needed guidance on expectations of privacy in non-criminal contexts like the workplace.

Background
The Elementary Teachers' Federation of Ontario filed a grievance on behalf of two elementary school teachers who received a written reprimand for misusing technology belonging to the York Region District School Board (School Board). The teachers used a personal, password-protected Google Drive to create a log of concerns about another teacher. The potential existence of this record caused other teachers to complain about the work environment, leading to an investigation by the school's principal.

Read the full article by Brendan MacArthur-Stevens, Gregory Sheppard and Ellie Marshall with Blake, Cassels & Graydon LLP.

Termination Limited to ESA Minimum,
Plus Bonus Amount
The plaintiff, Ms. Shultz, was an employee of the defendant, Cleardent. On December 29, 2021 she made a PowerPoint presentation, to the directors of Cleardent suggesting that a new role be created for her within the company. The defendant struggled to respond. The plaintiff claimed that one of the directors suggested she had resigned, then suggested she be placed on leave. The plaintiff declined to be placed on leave and said that she had not resigned. It was found that the defendant's confusion was reasonable given the circumstances.

On January 13, 2022, the defendant terminated the plaintiff on a without cause basis and advised her that she was entitled to two weeks' notice in accordance with the employment agreement, which adopted the minimum standards in the Employment Standards Act, RSBC 1996, c 113 [the "ESA"]. Read the full article by Deanna Froese with Harper Grey LLP.

The Importance of Training Staff on Gender
Diversity and Expression
On September 20, 2023, a number of protests took place across Canada at government and school district buildings against gender expression without parental consent for 2SLGBTQIA+ school aged children. This was part of a deeply concerning trend in anti-2SLGBTQIA+ sentiment across the country. Recently, Canadian Bar Association President John Stefaniuk released a statement, which stated that from 2020 to 2021 the police have reported an increase in hate crimes motivated by sexual orientation by 64%.

Earlier this year, the Supreme Court of Canada (Hansman v Neufeld, 2023 SCC 14) allowed an application to dismiss a defamation suit filed by a school board trustee in Chilliwack, BC, against a school teacher and former union president. The court's decision was based on an interpretation of B.C.'s anti-SLAPP (strategic lawsuits against public participation) legislation. The public school trustee had made online posts criticizing a provincial government initiative designed to equip educators to instruct students about gender identity and sexual orientation. The teacher who was the subject of the defamation lawsuit referred to the trustee's comments as bigoted, transphobic, and hateful. Read the full article by Ritu Mahil with Lawson Lundell LLP.

Zero-Emission Vehicles Amendment
Act, 2023 Introduced
The new Bill 39, introduced on October 24, proposes amendments to the Zero-Emission Vehicles Act to increase the annual percentages automakers must meet for new light-duty zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) sales and leases, starting with 26% of light-duty vehicle sales by 2026, 90% by 2030 and 100% by 2035. Other changes include:

• phasing out the sale of new internal-combustion engine vehicles by January 1, 2035, instead of the original target of January 1, 2040;
• requiring ZEVs to be registered in BC, in addition to being sold or leased, to ensure vehicles that receive compliance credits are being driven in BC;
• requiring automakers to provide the province with sales-forecast data to support tracking the ZEV market and planning for changing infrastructure; and
• aligning the Act with ZEV regulations in California and Quebec.

If passed, some sections of the Bill will come into force on Royal Assent. The changes related to vehicle registration and supply will come into force October 1, 2024, to align with the beginning of the model year 2024 compliance period.

Transportation of Soils Contaminated
with Flammable Liquids
This bulletin is to assist shippers and carriers transporting soils contaminated with flammable liquids such as crude oil, gasoline and diesel to comply with the Transportation of Dangerous Goods (TDG) Regulations.

Soil contaminated with flammable liquids is generally classified as Class 4.1, Flammable Solids, as it may be readily combustible. Read the bulletin from Transport Canada.

BC Court of Appeal Denies 'Insured' Person
Status to Woman Injured in Car Crash
The BC Court of Appeal has upheld an arbitrator's finding that the applicant was not a "member of a household" of a person named in an owner's certificate when she was injured in a motor vehicle accident and consequently was not "insured."

In Mazzei v. Insurance Corporation of British Columbia, 2023 BCCA 367, Sebrina Mazzei suffered serious injuries when she and three other persons were riding as passengers in a vehicle that left the roadway and went down an embankment while travelling near Oyama, BC. Read the full article by Angelica Dino in the Canadian Lawyer.

Client Identification Database (CID)
Public safety depends on Transport Canada knowing who is importing, offering for transport, handling, or transporting (hereafter referred to as "DG Activities") dangerous goods in Canada, what, when, and how, so we can mitigate risks. In response to new regulatory requirements, Transport Canada is introducing a new registration database called Client Identification Database (CID) for persons or organizations involved in DG activities. CID will allow persons or organizations to register and will collect information about their DG activities. It will be used by Transport Canada to better assess risk, enhance overall safety measures, and facilitate effective communication and collaboration between Transport Canada and registered persons or organizations.
For more detailed information, please visit the Canada Gazette, Part II Volume 157, Number 22. Read the Transport Canada notice.

Canadian Maritime Law: Increased Penalties and Responsibilities
for Authorized Representatives of Vessels
In June, Canada enacted Bill C-47. Tucked away within its 39 divisions and over 680 provisions are significant amendments to the Marine Liability Act (MLA), the Canada Shipping Act 2001 (CSA), and the Wrecked, Abandoned or Hazardous Vessels Act (WAHVA).

The changes reflect the federal government's ongoing investment in its Oceans Protection Plan, which attempts to address issues of safety and environmental protection in Canada's waters. Most notably, Bill C-47 significantly increases fines for regulatory offences under the CSA and the persons who may be liable to pay the fines. Bill C-47 also increased the limits of liability by 50% under the MLA for certain claims involving vessels under 300 GT, an amendment covered in a separate update. Read the full article by Shelley Chapelski and Andrew Stainer with Norton Rose Fulbright Canada LLP.

CVSE Bulletins & Notices
The following documents were posted recently by CVSE:

• NSC Bulletin 02-2023 – Publication of Carriers Cancelled for Cause
• Commercial Transport Procedures Manual – Amended Commercial Transport Procedures Manual
• CT Notice 04-23 – Notification of Changes to Oversize and Overweight Permit Restrictions for Travel on Highway 16 Between Vanderhoof And Fraser Lake

For more information on these and other items, visit the CVSE website.

Passenger Transportation Board Bulletins
The following updates were recently published by the BC Passenger Transportation Board:

News and updates

• Clarification of credit card surcharge rules
  Following consultation with industry regarding credit card surcharges, the Passenger Transportation Board (Board) has created new rules for all passenger directed vehicle (PDV) authorization and transportation network services (TNS) authorization licensees. Read the full notice.
• Updated rule for taxi meters
  At the end of 2022, the Passenger Transportation Board (Board) completed a review of the Board's taxi meter rules, policies, and procedures. Read the full notice.

Applications Received

• 18523-23 – Stampede Taxi Ltd.
• 18591-23 – 1123910 BC Ltd. (Sunstar Shuttle)
• 18657-23 – Ecofriendly Taxi Ltd.
• 18520-23 – Squamish Taxi Ltd.

Application Decisions

• 18745-23 – Rajwinder Singh Goraya (CANACCORD Limousine Service) [Approved]
• 18747-23 – Xclusive Limousine Service Ltd. [Approved]
• 18150-23 – Abass Tours & Transfer Inc. [Refused]
• 18473-23 – Transfer from William Peter Aylward to Sunpreet Singh (Energetic Taxi Cab) [Approved]
• 18789-23 PS TOP – Z's Limo Service (ZLS) Ltd. [Approved]
• 18365-23 – Quesnel Taxi Ltd. [Approved]
• 18867-23 PS TOP – City Star Limousine Service Ltd. [Approved]

Visit the Passenger Transportation Board website for more information.

Board of Directors Approves 2023 Amendments to the
Occupational Health and Safety Regulation
from WorksafeBC
At its July 2023 meeting, WorkSafeBC’s Board of Directors approved 2023 amendments to the Occupational Health and Safety Regulation. The amendments relate to Hazardous Drugs and Asbestos Certification and Licensing. Strikethrough versions of the amendments with explanatory notes can be accessed below. Deletions in the regulatory amendments are identified with a strikethrough and additions are in bold text and highlighted in yellow.

• Part 6, Hazardous Drugs;
  Approved amendments with explanatory notes
  
  These amendments will come into effect on December 1, 2023.

• Part 6, Asbestos Certification and Licensing;
  Approved amendments with explanatory notes
  
  These amendments will come into effect on January 1, 2024.

Consultation on Proposed 2024–2026 Policy Workplans
from WorksafeBC
Our Policy, Regulation and Research Department has prepared draft 2024–2026 policy workplans for public consultation. These workplans encompass policy priorities relating to compensation, occupational disease, assessments, and occupational health and safety. You’re invited to provide feedback on the proposed workplans until 4:30 p.m. on Friday, November 17, 2023. The discussion paper, proposed workplans, and information on how to provide feedback can be accessed through the following link:

• Discussion paper — Proposed 2024–2026 Policy Workplans

7 Essential Tips for Handling Hazardous Chemicals
When it comes to working with hazardous chemicals, safety is paramount. We spoke with Jeff Adamson, an expert in environmental health, safety, and sustainability at Cosmetica Laboratories, to gather invaluable insights into best practices for safeguarding yourself and your team in environments where hazardous chemicals are a daily reality. Read the full article by Shane Mercer with Canadian Occupational Safety.

Proposed Amendments to Policy on Time Limits for 
Filing a Mental Disorder Claim
from WorksafeBC
The Workers Compensation Act sets out the time limits for filing an application for compensation, and says that the time limit for filing a mental disorder claim is one year from the date of mental disorder. Current policy doesn’t specify how WorkSafeBC determines the date of a worker’s mental disorder. Our Policy, Regulation and Research Department is releasing a discussion paper with proposed amendments to policy on time limits for filing a mental disorder claim, for public consultation. You’re invited to provide feedback until 4:30 p.m. on Monday, November 27, 2023. Proposed deletions of policy wording are identified with a strikethrough and additions are highlighted in bold.

The discussion paper, proposed policy amendments, and information on how to provide feedback can be accessed through the following link:

• Discussion paper — Section 151 — Time limits for filing a mental disorder claim

Section 151 — Time Limits for
Filing a Mental Disorder Claim
from WorksafeBC
Our Policy, Regulation and Research Department is releasing a discussion paper with proposed amendments to policy on time limits for filing a mental disorder claim. The Workers Compensation Act sets out the time limits for filing an application for compensation, and says that the time limit for filing a mental disorder claim is one year from the date of the mental disorder. Current policy doesn’t specify how WorkSafeBC determines the date of a worker’s mental disorder.

New Public Health Orders
The Public Health Office (PHO) recently issued the following orders and notices:

• Hospital and Community (Health Care and Other Services) Covid-19 Vaccination Status Information and Preventive Measures – October 5, 2023 (PDF, 545 KB)
• Residential Care COVID-19 Vaccination Status Information and Preventive Measures – October 5, 2023 (PDF, 502KB)
• Residential Care Facilities Staff Information Collection Order – October 27, 2023 (PDF, 317KB)

Visit the PHO website to view this and other related orders and notices.

New Digital Building Permit Tool Will
Help Create More Homes Faster
More new homes for people will be approved faster as the Province works with partners to develop a new digital building permit tool. “People will soon see new homes approved faster as we make good on our commitment to position B.C. as a North American leader in digital permitting and construction,” said Ravi Kahlon, Minister of Housing. “We are excited to start work together with our partners to design and then implement this new digital building permit tool, so we can speed up the delivery of new homes and create the types of housing options people need in B.C.” Currently, many jurisdictions in B.C. rely on a paper-based application process for new housing developments that leads to delays and slow approval times. Once completed, the new digital building permit tool will make it faster and simpler for builders and developers to digitally submit building permits for new housing and for local governments to receive and process the application. The tool will also automatically review the submission to ensure it is compliant with key parts of the BC Building Code to prevent any delays with the submission process. Read the government news release.

Short-Term Rental Accommodations Act
The new Short-Term Rental Accommodations Act received Royal Assent on October 26. The Bill is intended to address housing supply issues by freeing up housing currently used as short-term vacation rentals, and responds to recommendations made in the Report of the Joint UBCM-Province Advisory Group on Short-Term Rentals. The Bill establishes minimum requirements for short-term rental bylaws, as well as additional tools for local governments to enforce them. Online short-term rental platforms will be required to display the hosts’ business licence number and remove listings without a business number within a few days. The Bill also adds provisions for regional districts to issue business licenses for similar accountability in rural areas, and increases the maximum for fines that local governments can collect.
Some changes that are planned for 2024 include the requirement for online platforms to share data with the Province, and the establishment of a Provincial regulatory framework for a host and platform registry, as well as a short-term rental compliance and enforcement unit.
In addition, for communities with a population of 10,000 people or more, short-term rentals will be limited to the host’s principal residence. Regulations are intended to provide exemptions from this requirement for regional districts, resort communities, First Nations or other communities in certain circumstances, though they may also choose to opt in. Changes will be phased in between the time of Royal Assent and late 2024. Amendments that affect the Community Charter, Local Government Act and Vancouver Charter are in force currently. These changes increase the maximum for fines regional districts can set for prosecutions of bylaw offences to $50,000, and provide regional districts with the authority to create businesses licences for short-term rentals. For a timeline of the other proposed phases of the legislation and a list of the communities where the principal residence requirement will be applied, see the government news release. UBCM has also provided an overview of the legislation.

BC Supreme Court Clarifies Rule of Costs for Rejected
Settlement Offers in Real Estate Dispute
In a real estate contract dispute, the BC Supreme Court clarified the rule of costs for rejected settlement offers. The dispute in Cascadia Pacific Realty Ltd. v. Hon Towers Kerrisdale Ltd., 2023 BCSC 1703 involved payment of a commission to Cascadia Pacific Realty for its role in a land assembly deal in Kerrisdale, Vancouver. After a four-day trial, the court ordered Hon Towers Kerrisdale Ltd. to pay Cascadia an award of damages. Read the full article by Angelica Dino on Canadian Lawyer.

CRA Extends Deadline for Filing Underused Housing Tax (UHT) 
Returns without Interest or Penalty
The Canada Revenue Agency has further extended the deadline for owners affected by the Underused Housing Tax (“UHT”) to file their returns for the 2022 taxation year, without being charged interest or penalties, to April 30, 2024. While UHT returns are typically due on April 30 of a particular year for each residential property owned on December 31 of the preceding year, the CRA initially extended the deadline for filing 2022 returns to October 31, 2023. The CRA’s announcement further extends that period by six months. Read the full article by Brittany Rossler with Thorsteinssons LLP.

Ownership of Materials in Construction Projects
The lingering effects of the 2020 pandemic on supply chain and more recent inflationary pressures on price certainty may motivate contractors and owners to make advance purchase of high volume or high costs items before construction activities commence on-site. This article describes the basic legal principles governing the determination of ownership in construction contracts with respect to materials, which principles can guide parties when making contractual arrangements that are out of the ordinary involving advance purchase and/or temporary off-site storage. Read the full article by Marcela Ouatu and Sonia Sahota with Civic Legal LLP.

Changes in Contingency Contributions Effective Nov 1st

Dear Tony:

Our property manager advised us that our minimum contributions for our AGM will be effective November 1st, but we are holding our meeting on October 25th. With the increase of all operating costs, we were hoping to delay any contribution this year to offset significant increases in strata fees. Could you please provide the new regulation and an explanation of how this applies? We are sure there are several strata corporations in our neighbourhood of North Surrey in the same situation. – Lucille

Dear Lucille:

Here is a summary of the regulations which come into effect November 1 for all strata corporations across BC. November 1, 2023, strata corporations and sections will be required to contribute a minimum of 10% of the annual operating fund to the contingency reserve fund (CRF) when approving the budget at the AGM. The amount that owner developers must contribute to the contingency reserve fund for new strata developments has also increased to 10%.

Read the full article by Tony Gioventu on Condo Smarts, published by CHOA.

Update on the Ability to Clear Liens and CPLs from Title
We have previously provided you with reports of our successful argument that section 24 of the Builders Lien Act, S.B.C. 1997, c. 45 (the “Lien Act”) authorizes the court to cancel a certificate of pending litigation as consequential relief of cancelling a claim of lien. You can find our past articles on 4HD Construction Ltd. v. Dawson Wallace Construction Ltd., 2020 BCSC 1224 here. Recently, the B.C. Supreme Court confirmed the findings of the prior decision in the decision of BSSD Excavating & Landscaping Ltd. v. Green Blvd. Construction Ltd. 2023 BCSC 1685. The dispute in this recent decision arose in connection with a residential construction project that was being developed by the Defendant Green Blvd. Construction Ltd. (“Green Blvd.”) over two lots located in Coquitlam. The plaintiff, BSSD Excavating & Landscaping Ltd. (“BSSD”) entered into a contract with Green Blvd. for various lot digging, extraction, soil and dirt removal, road cleaning, backfill and drain installation over the two lots (the “Excavation Work”). The agreed on price for the Excavation Work was $32,000 plus GST. Read the full article by Rosalie A. Clark with Clark Wilson LLP.

Vancouver Neighbours' Lawsuit over a
Lost View Goes to Court Next Month
Two West Side Vancouver neighbours' dispute over an alleged lost view is set to be heard in court Nov. 29, according to a notice of application filed last week. Plaintiff Naomi Arbabi had sued neighbour Colleen McLelland for $30,000 for the first month following a "privacy wall" on Sept. 5 being erected around McLelland's strata unit. Arbabi's lawsuit then sought McLelland to pay $1,000 for each additional day that the wall stayed in place. McLelland is seeking to strike Arbabi's Oct. 5 notice of civil claim against her, and she has said in court documents that she did not make the decision to take down or reinstall a privacy wall next to her unit. The re-installation, instead, was done by the strata council, she notes in her notice of application. Read the BIV article.